temout/ling

/LING

Update: February 24, 2023 The new version of Termout.org is now online, so this web site is now obsolete and will soon be dismantled.

Lista de candidatos sometidos a examen:
1) phonemes (*)
(*) Términos presentes en el nuestro glosario de lingüística

1) Candidate: phonemes

Is in goldstandard

1
paper CL_LiteraturayLingüísticatxt508 - : Realizations of the /t͡ʃ/ and /ʈ͡ʂ/ phonemes in chedungun spoken by children from alto Biobío: an spectrographic analysis

2
paper CO_FormayFuncióntxt289 - : The most recent reconstruction of the phonological system of Proto-Chibchan is presented in ^[64]Constenla Umaña (2008). The reconstructed vowel system, which is shown in [65]Table 1, consists of five phonemes: /i/, /e/, /a/, /o/, /u/^[66]^3 . The former two are classified as front, the latter two as back, and /a/ as central. For the reasons explained in section 2.2., I leave the feature [BACK] unspecified for /a/, since it is the only low vowel. Moreover, the cited author postulates a nasal prosodeme that combined with any of the vowel phonemes, meaning that if the nasal vowels are counted as separate phonemes, Proto-Chibchan would have had a total of ten vowel phonemes.

3
paper CO_FormayFuncióntxt260 - : ^1Graphemes and phonemes: «c», «j» correspond to phonemes /tʃ/ and /dʒ/, respectively ; «g̃» corresponds to phoneme /ŋ/, which at the end of the syllable, after a nasal vowel, is executed as [ŋ], after an oral vowel as [gŋ] and, at the beginning of the syllable as [ɲ]; ’ corresponds to an occlusive glottal phoneme /Ɂ/; «m» corresponds to the nasal phoneme /m/, that after an oral vowel is realized as [bm] at the end of the syllable and, in other environments, as [m]; «n» corresponds to the nasal phoneme /n/, that after an oral vowel is realized as [dn] at the end of the syllable and, in other environments, as [n]; «r» corresponds to the alveolar phoneme /r/ in any environment; «w», «y» correspond to non-syllabic phonemes /w/ and /y/, respectively; «x» corresponds to a fricative palatal phoneme /ʃ/; «o» corresponds to the high posterior vocalic phoneme /o/, that varies between [o] and [u]; «u» corresponds to the middle central vocalic phoneme /ǝ/. This is the oficial orthograph

4
paper corpusSignostxt451 - : Traditional language courses teach pronunciation and auditory recognition of L2 phonemes commonly using four basic steps:(1 ) presentation/explanation, (2) imitation, (3) adjustment, and (4) recognition (^[28]Celce-Murcia, Brinton & Goodwin, 2010). First, the instructor describes what position the articulatory organs must take and how they must move in order to produce the target sound or sound combination; second, the learner listens to words with the target sound and repeats them; third, the teacher provides feedback and identifies, explains, and corrects errors with relevant exercises until production of the target sound is appropriate depending on the orientation of the course and the learner’s level; fourthly and finally, the learner listens to input and discriminates between a word with the target sound and a word without it.

5
paper corpusSignostxt451 - : We based our comparative analysis of the consonants of American English (AE) and Mexican Spanish (MS) and identification of their similarities and differences on a detailed study of literature on the issue of English and Spanish phonology and phonetics published to date. We chose those publications which provide a fine-grained description of the respective sound systems specifying the features of phonemes and their most frequently met allophones: ^[54]Whitley (1986 ), ^[55]Avery and Ehrlich (1992), ^[56]Edwards (1997), ^[57]Quilis (1997), ^[58]Moreno de Alba (2001), ^[59]Pineda, Castellanos, Cuétara, Galescu, Juárez, Llisterri, Pérez and Villaseñor (2010).

Evaluando al candidato phonemes:

1) corresponds: 8
2) vowel: 7 (*)
4) nasal: 5 (*)
5) syllable: 4 (*)
6) target: 4
8) learner: 3 (*)
9) oral: 3 (*)

phonemes
Lengua: eng
Frec: 115
Docs: 47
Nombre propio: / 115 = 0%
Coocurrencias con glosario: 5
Puntaje: 5.780 = (5 + (1+5.12928301694497) / (1+6.85798099512757)));
Candidato aceptado

Referencias bibliográficas encontradas sobre cada término

(Que existan referencias dedicadas a un término es también indicio de terminologicidad.)

phonemes

: All the vowel qualities also occur with phonological nasality. Additionally, ^[149]Mogollón Pérez (2000) identifies phonetic long vowels, but considers these to be sequences of two identical vowel phonemes.
: Anthony, J., Lonigan, C., Burgess, S., Driscoll, K., Phillips, B. & Cantor, B. (2002). Structure of preschool phonological sensitivity: Overlapping sensitivity to rhyme, words, syllables, and phonemes. Journal of experimental child psychology, 82(1), 65-92.
: Dalbor, J. B. (1959). The English phonemes /š/ and /č/: A hearing and pronunciation problem for speakers of Spanish learning English. Language Learning, 9(1-2), 67-73. [131]https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-1770.1959.tb01131.x
: Ferguson, C. A., & Chowdhury, M. (1960). The phonemes of Bengali. Language, 36, 22-59.
: Fox, B. & Routh, D. (1975). Analyzing spoken language into words, syllables and phonemes: A developmental study. Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 4, 331-342.
: Hall Jr., Robert A. 1943. The unit phonemes of Brazilian Portuguese. Studies in Linguistics 1: 1-15.
: Logan, J. S., & Pruitt, J. S. (1995). Methodological issues in training listeners to perceive non-native phonemes. En W. Strange (Ed.), Speech perception and linguistic experience: issues in cross-language research (pp. 351-378). Baltimore: York Press.
: Morin, R. (2010). Terminal letters, phonemes, and morphemes in Spanish gender assignment. Linguistics, 48(1), 143-169.
: Muter, V., Hulme, C., Snowling, M. & Stevenson, J. (2004). Phonemes, rimes, vocabulary and grammatical skills as foundations of early reading development. Evidence from a longitudinal study. Developmental Psychology, 40 (5), 665-681.
: Navarro Tomás, T. (1938). Dédoublement de phonemes dans le dialecte andalou. Travaux du Cercle Linguistique de Prague, 8, 184-186.
: Ott, R., & Ott, W. (1967). Phonemes of the Ignaciano language. Linguistics: Na International Review, 35, 56-60.
: Sound blending (^[127]Woodcock & Muñoz-Sandoval, 1996). The child listens to a series of syllables or phonemes and blends the sounds into a word. This task has a median internal consistency reliability of 0.86 in ages five to 19.
: Suárez, J. (1959). The Phonemes of an Araucanian Dialect. International Journal of American Linguistics, XXV, 177-181
: Suárez, Jorge. 1959. "The phonemes of an Araucanian dialect", en IJAL 25, pp. 177-181.
: Trager, G. L., & Bloch, B. (1941). The Syllabic Phonemes of English. Language, 17, 223-246.
: Tunebo has a simple system consisting of five vowel phonemes, /i/, /u/, /e/, /o/, and /a/ (^[142]Headland & Headland, 1976; ^[143]Headland, 1997), represented in [144]Table 12. They do not exhibit secondary features.
: Zipf, G. K. & Rogers, F. M. (1939). Phonemes and Variphones in four present-day Romance Languages and Classical Latin from the viewpoint of dynamic Philology. Archives Néerlandaises de Phonétique Expérimentale, 15, 111-147.