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Update: February 24, 2023 The new version of Termout.org is now online, so this web site is now obsolete and will soon be dismantled. |
Lista de candidatos sometidos a examen:
1) pronouns (*)
(*) Términos presentes en el nuestro glosario de lingüística
1) Candidate: pronouns
Is in goldstandard
1
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines317 - : “[…] which personalize social actors, represent them as human beings, as realized by personal or possesives pronouns, proper names, or nouns (and sometimes adjectives, as, for example, in ‘the maternal care’, whose meaning include the feature ‘human’” (Van Leeuwen, 2008: 46 ).
2
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines426 - : The realization of deixis in speech / writing deixis is done through the use of special ‘linguistic pointers’ (Werth, 1999) called ‘deictic expressions’, also classified as ‘indexical expressions’ (Adetunji, 2006), ‘shifters’ (Jakobson, 1957), or ‘textual references’ (Halliday & Hasan, 1976). One of the main points here is the fact that their referents cannot be identified without an understanding of their actual context (Zupnik, 1994). In the case of person deixis, its indexical symbols belong to the grammatical category of personal pronouns, while the most obvious local deictic terms are the adverbs of place here / there and the demonstratives this / these and that / those, which are “the purest indicators of directionality and location” (Simpson, 1993: 13 ). In this regard, the first words in each pair indicate proximal perspective as they express physical proximity to the speaker, while the second words take a distal perspective as they denote a certain distance from the location o
3
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines474 - : 5. The forms of personal address (the use of personal pronouns: Preference for the form of usted over the form of tú to express politeness ). Age is one of the factors that determine initial forms of personal address in Spanish conversation, except in familial relationships in which age no longer causes asymmetric forms of address (in which one of the speakers uses the form usted, the other tú), as it did in days gone by. It must be stressed that both forms (tú and usted) can become unpleasant and impolite. Traditionally, the form of usted is signalled as the pronoun of politeness but, on occasion, it can indicate anger or simply a desire to demarcate distance. In recent years in Spain, one tends to think that the elderly are addressed as usted. This often provokes displeasure in some people who interpret that they are being considered older than they are, for which they usually protest (normally jokingly) and convert this complaint into an amusing way of demanding the address of tú, and
4
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines577 - : ^[57]Luzón, 2017), which recalls ^[58]Biber and Gray’s (2016) claim that there is an increasing ‘colloquialisation’ of written texts in digital media. Research also contends that the functional goals associated with the linguistic features of these texts are to construct a credible online identity, assert the researchers’ professionalism and create proximity with readers. Studies on spoken genres such as TED Talks also report the use of conversational features such as deictics, person pronouns (I/you) and inclusive we-pronouns to communicate expert knowledge while conveying “a certain degree of informality and colloquialism” (^[59]Caliendo, 2012: 101 ). It is also argued that TED Talk presenters use stance markers to express judgments and position themselves subjectively (^[60]Scotto di Carlo, 2014).
5
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines577 - : The present study also sheds light on the situational (register) and contextual (genre) constraints that shape digital texts. In TED Talks, presenters use a conversational style to tell issues of science and the use of linguistic resources such as first and second person pronouns reduces distance “to breach the expert/non expert barrier” (^[178]Scotto di Carlo, 2014: 201 ). In research blogs, conversational features construct proximity (^[179]Luzón, 2013), and in online medical campaigns language resources help scientists to construct credible identities (^[180]Paulus & Roberts, 2018). In analysing science popularisation genres, ^[181]Motta Roth and Scotti Scherer (2016: 173) also underline the “interdiscursivity between discourses from scientific, pedagogic and media spheres”. In the crowdfunding proposals analysed in this study, the situational and contextual constraints easily explain why these texts rely on both grammatical features that are typical of conversation and features
6
paper corpusSignosTxtLongLines597 - : Moskowich, I. (2017b). Pronouns as stance markers in the Coruña Corpus: An analysis of the CETA, CEPhiT and CHET . En F. Alonso-Almeida (Ed.), Stancetaking in Late Modern English Scientific Writing. Evidence from the Coruña Corpus. Colección Scientia [Applied Linguistics] (pp. 73-91). Valencia: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. [ [92]Links ]
Evaluando al candidato pronouns:
2) usted: 4
5) address: 4
6) deixis: 3 (*)
8) construct: 3 (*)
9) conversational: 3
10) texts: 3 (*)
11) proximity: 3
12) express: 3
pronouns
Lengua: eng
Frec: 78
Docs: 29
Nombre propio: 1 / 78 = 1%
Coocurrencias con glosario: 3
Puntaje: 3.788 = (3 + (1+4.75488750216347) / (1+6.3037807481771)));
Candidato aceptado
Referencias bibliográficas encontradas sobre cada término
(Que existan referencias dedicadas a un término es también indicio de terminologicidad.)| pronouns |
: Asudeh, A. (2005). Relational nouns, pronouns and resumption. Linguistics and Philosophy, 28, 375-446. : Bolívar, A. (1999). The linguistic pragmatics of political pronouns in Venezuelan Spanish. En J. Verschueren (Comp.), Language and ideology. Selected papers from the 6^th International Pragmatics Conference (pp. 56-69). Antwerp: International Pragmatics Association. : Brown, R. & Gilman, A. (1960). The pronouns of power and solidarity. En T. Sebeok (Ed.), Style in language (pp. 255-276). Cambridge-Mass: MIT Press. : Engdahl, E. (1985). Parasitic gaps, resumptive pronouns, and subject extractions. Linguistics, 23(1), 3-44. : Gray, B. (2010). On the use of demonstrative pronouns and determiners as cohesive devices: A focus on sentence-initial this/that in academic prose. Journal of English for Academic Purposes, 9(3), 167-183. : Hardwood, N. (2005b). We do not seem to have a theory…the theory I present here attempts to fill this gap: Inclusive and exclusive pronouns in academic writing. Applied Linguistics, 26, 343-375. : Jensen, J. B. (1973). The feature [human] as a constraint on the occurrence of third person subject pronouns in Spanish. Hispania, 56(1),116-122. : Kitagawa, C. & Lehrer, A. (1990). Impersonal uses of personal pronouns. Journal of Pragmatics, 14, 739-759. : Kroch, A. (1981). On the role of resumptive pronouns in amnestying island violations. En R. Hendrick, C. Masek & M. F. Miller (Eds.), Papers from the Seventeenth Regional Meeting of the Chicago Linguistic Society (pp. 125-135). Chicago: Chicago Linguistic Society. : Kuo, C. H. (1999). The use of personal pronouns: Role relationships in scientific journal articles. English for Specific Purposes, 18(2) 121-138. : Leonard, L. & Dispaldro, M. (2013). The effects of production demands on grammatical weaknesses in specific language impairment: The case of clitic pronouns in italian. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 56(4), 1272-1286. : Martínez, I. (2005). Native and non-native writers’ use of first person pronouns in the different sections of biology research articles in English. Journal of Second Language Writing 14(3), 174-190. : Moulton, J., Robinson, G. M. & Elias, C. (1978). Sex bias in language use: ‘Neutral’ pronouns that aren't. American Psychologist, 33(11), 1032-1036. : Prince, E. F. (1990). Syntax and discourse: A look at resumptive pronouns. En D. J. Costa (Ed.), Proceedings of the Sixteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society (pp. 482-497). California: Berkeley Linguistic Society. : Rees, A. (1983). Pronouns of person and power: A Study of personal pronouns in public discourse. Unpublished Master’s Thesis. Department of Linguistics. University of Sheffield. : The problem of inclusion / exclusion of personal deictic pronouns in political discourse has been fully covered by Rees (1983) in his pronominal scale: : Wexler, K. & Chien, Y. (1985). The development of lexical anaphors and pronouns. Papers and Reports on Child Language Development, 24, 138-49. |